चिन्ता साना तथा मझौला उध्य्गोग को

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Published On : 9 November, 2020

विकासोन्मुख देशहरू र विशेषगरी नेपालजस्ता अल्प विकसित मुलुकहरूमा निजी क्षेत्र मुख्यतया साना व्यवसायहरू मिलेर बनेका हुन्छन् । विकासशील देशहरूमा बहुसंख्यक लगानी घरेलु स्रोतबाट आउँछ । धेरै लघु र साना उद्यमहरू अनौपचारिकरूपमा आधिकारिक नियमन प्रणाली बाहिर काम गर्ने गरेको देखिन्छ । यी व्यवसायमा लाग्ने समुदाय धेरै क्षणिक समयका लागि मात्र त्यस पेसा वा व्यवसायमा रहने गर्दछन् । तिनीहरूका मालिकहरू एक व्यवसायबाट अर्को व्यवसायमा सर्ने गर्दछन् । जुन प्रायः फार्म वा व्यापारका गतिविधिहरूमा आधारित हुन्छन् । धेरै लघु तथा एमएसईहरू महिलाहरूको स्वामित्वमा हुन्छन् । जसले गरीब घरहरूमा आवश्यक आम्दानी प्रदान गरेको देखिन्छ । अनौपचारिक व्यवसायहरूले धेरै विकासोन्मुख देशहरूमा आधाभन्दा बढी आर्थिक गतिविधिहरुमा भाग लिन्छन् ।

शंकरमान सिंह

यो अनौपचारिक क्षेत्रले केही छोटो अवधिका फाइदा लिएको देखिन्छन् र त्यसबाट लाभान्वित हुने अवसर प्राप्त हुन्छ । तर प्रायः यस्ता व्यवसायहरूलाई संशाधन, सूचना र बजारमा पहुँच गर्नबाट समस्या हुने गर्दछ । उनीहरूले कामदारहरूको सीपमा लगानी गर्न प्रोत्साहित गर्दछ । साना र मध्यम आकारका उद्यमहरू (एसएमई) प्रायः विकासोन्मुख देशको उद्यमशीलताको हृदय मानिन्छ । यसको अधिकांश रोजगार र उत्पादक लगानीको स्रोत र यसको विकास र गरिबी उन्मूलनको लागि आधार हुन् । एसएमईको आर्थिक सम्भावनाको बारेमा जीवन्त बहस भइरहेका छन् । एसएमईहरूले गम्भीर अवरोधहरूको सामना गर्नुपर्दछ भन्ने कुरामा कुनै शंका छैन जुन ठूला व्यवसायहरू भन्दा उनीहरूलाई बढी गम्भीररूपमा असर गर्दछ । तिनीहरू व्यापार वातावरणमा सञ्चालन गर्छन् । जहाँ अनावश्यक लागत, असंख्य प्रक्रियात्मक अवरोधहरू र कम पहुचका स्रोतहरू, वित्त र सेवाहरू प्रमुख छन् । यी अवरोधहरूले लगानी, नवीन, र उत्पादकता सुधार गर्न उनीहरूको क्षमतालाई सीमित गर्दछ । एसएमईहरू नेपाली अर्थतन्त्रको मेरुदण्ड हुन् । किनकि यसले समग्र अर्थतन्त्र बनाउन ४०–६० प्रतिशत रकम योगदान गर्दछ । नेपाली व्यापार, वाणिज्य र उद्योगको ९८ प्रतिशत एसएमई र एसएमई सम्बन्धित व्यापारले समेट्छन् ।

सन् १९९० पछि एसएमईको स्थितिले संख्या, नीति, उत्पादन र प्रचारमा क्रमबद्ध परिवर्तन देखापरेको छ । विकसित, विकासशील र कम विकसित देशहरूद्वारा अनुकूलित खुला आर्थिक नीतिले साना र मध्यम उद्यमहरूमा प्रभावकारी प्रभाव ल्याएको छ । एसएमई र नेपालका एसएमई उत्पादनहरू एकआपसमा सम्बन्धित छन् । साना र मझौला उद्यमहरूले देशहरूको आर्थिक क्षमतामा महत्वपूर्ण योगदान पु¥याउँछन् र रोजगारी र आयका अवसरहरूमार्फत गरिबी न्यूनीकरणका लागि महत्वपूर्ण योगदान पु¥याएका छन् । धेरैजसो एसएमईहरू अपर्याप्तरूपमा आफ्नो बजार अवसरहरूको उपयोग गर्न सक्छन् । उनीहरूसँग बजारको विकास, मूल्य, निर्यात र वित्तीय सम्भावनाहरूको जानकारीमा पहुँच हँुदैन । सूचना र सञ्चार टेक्नोलोजीमा भएका प्रगतिहरूको बाबजुद सूचना र ज्ञानमा पहुँचको लागि आधारभूत प्राविधिक पूर्वशर्तहरू स्थापना भए पनि विशेषगरी परिधिय क्षेत्रका धेरै एसएमईहरूले यसको बिरलै उपयोग गर्न सक्दछन् । यी क्षेत्रहरूमा सेवा प्रदायकहरूले प्रस्ताव गरेको जानकारीको दायरा एसएमईको आवश्यकता अनुरूप छैन ।

नेपाल र सार्क क्षेत्रको विशेष परिप्रेक्षमा एसएमईहरूले राष्ट्रिय अर्थतन्त्र र रोजगारी सिर्जना गर्न र गरिबी निवारणमा पनि महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेल्छन् । साफ्टा सम्झौतामा हस्ताक्षर भएपछि त्यहाँ नियम, उत्पत्ति, प्राविधिक सहयोग, राजस्व क्षतिपूर्ति संयन्त्रको प्रावधान छ । तर साफ्टा सम्झौताले सेवा क्षेत्रलाई समेट्दैन । सेवा क्षेत्र जुन विश्वव्यापीरूपमा करिब ७०० प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भइरहेको छ । यस क्षेत्रका एसएमईहरू सार्क क्षेत्रमा समेत सेवा सम्झौताको असन्तुलन नहुँदा पनि प्रभावित छन् । यस क्षेत्रका देशहरूले टेलिकम, आइसिटी, पर्यटन, वित्तीय क्षेत्र आदिजस्ता सेवा क्षेत्रमा धेरै फाइदा लिन सक्दछन् । यस क्षेत्रका देशहरूले एसएमई विकास र टेक्नो उद्यमशीलताका लागि यस्तो दृष्टिकोण राख्नुपर्दछ, जहाँ यस क्षेत्रका देशहरूले सहयोग गर्न सक्छन् र यस क्षेत्रका देशहरूको परस्पर लाभको लागि एक अर्कालाई सहयोग पु¥याउन सक्दछन् । साफ्टा सम्झौतामा लघु उद्यमको उत्पादन वा साना उद्योग (एसएसआई) को उत्पादनको बारेमा विशेष उल्लेख हुनुपर्दछ । जसले ५ भन्दा कम कामदारलाई रोजगारी दिन्छ र यसको पूँजीगत खर्च १ लाखभन्दा कम छ । वास्तविक एसएमईहरूको लागि विशेष भन्सार शुल्क माफी हुने गरेको छ । नेपालको आर्थिक परिवर्तनले सन् १९९० को शुरुमा वित्तीय क्षेत्र खोल्न निजी र संयुक्त लगानीको लागि आकर्षित ग¥यो । नतिजा स्वरूप, एसएमईमा लगानी गर्न वाणिज्य बैंक, वित्तीय संस्था र सहकारीहरूको पंक्ति प्रमुख थियो ।

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On the occasion of 70th Anniversary of Nepal Chamber of Commerce and Chamber Day: Profile of Nepal Chamber of Commerce:

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Nepal Chamber of Commerce: Past, Present and Future

Introduction:

     Established in 2007 B.S, the Nepal Chamber of Commerce is Nepal’s oldest and the leading chamber of commerce. The first National Conference on Industry and Commerce in Nepal was organized by the Nepal Chamber of Commerce in 2012 BS (1955 BS). Since its inception, the Chamber has been playing a leading and important role in the development of industry and commerce sector and economic prosperity and expansion of other business activities.

        The Nepal Chamber of Commerce has been providing suggestions and advice to the Government of Nepal through discussions and analysis necessary to formulate policy rules for industrial, commercial, and other financial matters.

     Besides, the Nepal Chamber of Commerce is committed to expand the “Chamber Movement” as a campaign and to encourage various activities for the empowerment of the business sector. The Chamber is playing a coordinating role between the private and public sectors.

        The Nepal Chamber of Commerce represents the state, district, and city chambers of commerce, commodity associations, affiliated associations, and other national chambers of commerce and industry.

Registered firms, trade and industry associations, international trade and industry associations are affiliated with the Chamber. . Nepal Chamber of Commerce has established relations with 70 international chambers of commerce through a memorandum of understanding to expand economic activities

Vision: 

· To increase the capacity and efficiency of the private sector with the unity and friendly harmony among the industrialists and businessmen for the overall economic development of Nepal, thereby protecting the interests and rights of industrialists and the business community.

Mission:

To facilitate and make the products of Nepali businessmen competitive and quality standard in the global market.

To make a significant and effective contribution on behalf of the private sector in the development of an open economy.

Objectives:

The main objectives of the Nepal Chamber of Commerce are to support the development of the national economy through the protection of private and public sector commerce and industries. The major functions of the Nepal Chamber of Commerce are as follows:

  • To develop contacts with global commerce and industrial organizations and to help each other to improve the national economy. To organize the visit program of the bilateral trade delegation.
  • To carry out relief work in case of natural calamities like epidemic, flood, landslide.
  • To facilitate Nepali entrepreneurs to participate in international fairs and to organize trade and industrial fairs.
  • To encourage export trade by issuing a certificate of origin.
  • To encourage the establishment of educational institutions related to commerce and industry.
  • To exchange trade delegations with different countries to promote trade and investment tourism.
  • To coordinate with the concerned ministry, department, and various offices of the Government of Nepal to simplify the service flow.
  • To represent the chamber in various committees formed by the Government of Nepal.
  • To cooperate with international chambers
  • To establish good labor relations through the Employer’s Council.
  • To identify the areas of foreign investment and create the necessary environment to attract investment in such areas
  • To provide timely consultation in the review process of law and policymaking related to the economic, monetary, and commercial sectors to be formulated by the Government of Nepal.

Organizational membership

(1) Ordinary member

A) Commerce sector

B) Industry sector

C) District Chamber of Commerce (Chamber of Commerce)

D) Municipal Chamber of Commerce

E) Commodity associations

F) Institutional Chamber of Commerce and Industry (National Chamber of Commerce)

G) Affiliated members

H) Listed members

Any individual firm, organization, corporation, and association involved in trade, industry, or related profession is eligible for chamber membership.

Other activities

The Nepal Chamber of Commerce has appointed honorary consuls in 22 countries and is working in those countries. It is also affiliated with the Nepal Chamber of Commerce, the International Chamber of Commerce, the World Association of Small and Medium Enterprises, and the CACCI.

  As part of its social responsibility work, the Chamber has been playing a major role in disaster management by conducting relief operations during earthquakes, floods, landslides, and epidemics such as Covid (19).

The Nepal Chamber of Commerce has been organizing the international level regularly every year. To promote foreign investment, tourism, and trade, networking has been facilitated through unpaid consuls appointed by the chamber and foreign chambers signed with the chamber.

The chamber has been participating in international fairs and exhibitions. The District Chamber of Commerce has also been organizing fairs for the promotion of local business and tourism.

Nepal Women’s Chamber

Nepal Women Chamber has been formed in 2075 BS. Under the Nepal Chamber of Commerce for Economic Empowerment of Nepali Women. In the process of expanding women’s chambers, district women’s chambers have been formed in different districts. The Women’s Chamber has been working for the promotion and encouragement of women entrepreneurs. To promote the sale of goods produced by women entrepreneurs, fairs and exhibitions are organized and capacity-building activities are carried out. It has been organizing International Women’s Day every year.

Nepal Youth Chamber

To involve the young entrepreneurs of the country in the activities of the chamber. Nepal Youth Chamber has been formed in 2075 BS. Youth chambers are also being formed in various districts. Nepal Youth Chamber has carried out promotional activities including awareness rallies and educational scholarships. It is carrying out various promotional activities such as capacity building, leadership development, etc. to involve the young manpower in the business sector.

Thematic Committees of the Chamber

The following 26 committees have been formed under the Nepal Chamber of Commerce to make various thematic areas active.

S.No. Committee

1. Advisory Committee

2. CEO Forum

3. Employers’ Council

4. Nepal Youth Chamber

5. Nepal Women Chamber

6. Nepal Capital Market Promotion Committee

7. Information and Communication Committee

8. Supply Management Committee

9. Fair Committee

10. Tax Revenue Committee

11. Commerce Committee

12. Customs Committee

13. Industry Committee

14. Agriculture Committee

15. Energy Committee

16. Export Promotion Committee

17. Bank, Finance and Insurance Committee

18. Education and Sports Committee

19. Transit and Infrastructure Development Committee

20. Social and Health Committee

21. Tourism Promotion Committee

22. Ceremony Management Committee

23. Gold and Silver, Gem Jewelry, Mining and Geology Committee

24. Nepal-India Trade Promotion Committee

25. Nepal-China Trade Promotion Committee

26 Disaster Management Committee

Strategies:

  • Participating in economic and trade meetings.
  • Interactive program on current issues including policy debate advocacy and policy response.
  • Promotion program.
  • Management of business facility.
  • Capacity building of Nepali business sector by enhancing the capacity of Nepali traders through various training related to management, international and domestic market, and relationship building.
  • To hold official visits and meetings at various levels of national and international organizations and government and to discuss the expansion of business relations.
  • Establishment of a resource center for businessmen.
  • Exploration of competitive and comparative advantages of Nepali products in the international market.
  • To increase the membership base, build relationships, and develop networking.
  • To build relations with various national and international associations and organizations related to trade and industry, various embassies and missions, development partners, and various international agencies.
  • Research and Information Services
  • To conduct policy and research work related to trade and entrepreneurial development
  • To operate projects for the development and management of the business sector.
  • To provide information services through various modes including publishing and digital devices.
  • To make logistics management effective to facilitate and make national and international trade competitive.
  • To operate projects for the development and management of the business sector.
  • To provide information services through various modes including publishing and digital devices.
  • To make logistics management effective to facilitate and make national and international trade competitive.

The Milestones of the chamber’s seven decades

Mr. Rajesh Kazi Shrestha, President of Nepal Chamber of Commerce has expressed his commitment on the occasion of Chamber Day 2077 and the Seven decade of the Nepal Chamber of Commerce in Nepal. Seventy years ago today, the Nepal Chamber of Commerce was formed to promote the rights and interests of businessmen and the economic development of Nepal as a whole. It was formed on 27th Ashwin, 2007 B.S under the name of Vanik Mandal. Mr. Shrestha reiterated,” Nepal Chamber of Commerce is aware of its social responsibility. In the early pandemic of Covid 19, the chamber had distributed masks, sanitizers, thermo gun, and PPE kits to sensitive areas such as hospitals, security agencies, and airports to control Covid 19.

He said” It is worth mentioning that in the face of acute shortage of masks in the market, it has been facilitated to produce masks at the initiative of the chamber and the masks have been made available in the market affordably and affordably. The role of district chambers in this work is also noteworthy. Besides, the chamber has been mobilizing resources from the center to the district chamber for the management of the families affected by the floods and landslides.”

In the campaign against Covid -19, the Chamber is committed to working with the Government of Nepal to strike a balance between medical health and economic health. Covid 19 is coordinating with the government for a relief package to revive the economy which might go on the verge of collapse.

Established on the initiative of the leaders of the Chamber movement in Nepal, this organization is not alone in expanding its work on the occasion of its seven-decade journey, The Government of Nepal, political parties, independent policymakers, diplomatic missions, development partners, civil society, journalists and the media, as well as leading industrialists, have been unwavering.

As a representative body of business and industrialists in the process of formulating national economic strategy, the chamber’s membership-based organization has been instrumental in advancing its business and policy-related activities day by day.

Because the present government has the capacity and determination to achieve the goal of economic transformation and prosperity of the government which has come with the goal of “Happy Nepali, Prosperous Nepal”, the Nepal Chamber of Commerce has done a great job in achieving this goal.

 As the oldest dynamic organization in the private sector, Mr.Shrestha emphasized on the Chamber Day that it is ready to achieve significant economic development by achieving the goal of sustainable development in collaboration with various ministries and non-governmental organizations of the Government of Nepal.

He further said,” In particular, our commitments include: business advocacy on legal reform, advocacy, attracting foreign investment, reducing trade deficits, supporting the development of tourism and service sectors, developing entrepreneurship, raising public awareness and capacity on investment business, and emphasizing economic diplomacy. 

He said and is quoted, “On the occasion of the Chamber Day, I would like to remind you that the Chamber is committed to moving forward by maintaining good relations with the federal, provincial and local bodies and working together for economic prosperity.”

Besides, the Chamber is determined to assist micro, small and home-based entrepreneurs, grocery and retailers, exporters, transport entrepreneurs, walkers, and other entrepreneurs through policy seminars, discussions, and advocacy on trade facilitation.

   Expressing heartfelt gratitude to all those who have provided support for the steady development of the Chamber, we look forward to receiving your continued advice and suggestions in the days to come.

   About the country’s transition to federalism, I would like to assure that the Nepal Chamber has started this process with the belief that the District Chambers of the Chamber itself should enhance working liaison with the neighboring provinces and district chambers and will continue it in the days to come. 

Unocciaial Translation

इजरायलबाट आशा

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शंकरमान सिंह इजरायलले नेपालमा कृषि उत्कृष्टता केन्द्र स्थापना गर्न हालै समझदारीपत्रमा हस्ताक्षर गरेको छ । समझदारीपत्र बमोजिम त्यस्ता केन्द्रहरू देशका प्रत्येक प्रदेशमा स्थापना गरिनेछन् । यसैगरी अस्…

Source: इजरायलबाट आशा

नवनियुक्त भारतीय राजदूतबाट अपेक्षा

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एसएसआईका उत्पादनहरूको परिभाषा नेपालको औद्योगिक नीति–२०१० का प्रावधानहरूसँग उपयुक्त हुनु आवश्यक र अनिवार्य छ । नेपालले भारतमा उपलब्ध आर्थिक र व्यापारिक अवसरहरूको व्यापक उपयोग गर्नु आवश्यक छ, तर कमजोर उत्पादनशील क्षमता, अपर्याप्त पूर्वाधार, कम प्रत�%A…

Source: नवनियुक्त भारतीय राजदूतबाट अपेक्षा

मारवाडी समुदायबाट के सिक्ने ?

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शंकरमान सिंह ‘इन्द्रचोकमा मारवाडीको एक जना बच्चालाई दहीको कतारो किनेर ल्याउनका लागि उसको बुवाले ५० रुपियाँ दिएछन् । बच्चा दही किनेर फर्कँदा बाटोमा सय रुपैयाँको हरियो नोट देखेछ । उसले खुशी हुँदै सयक…

Source: मारवाडी समुदायबाट के सिक्ने ?

अलैँची निकासीको सम्भावना

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शंकरमान सिंह अलैँची निकासीको बिल समायोजनको विषयमा नेपाल अलैँची व्यवसायी महासंघले नेपाल सरकारलाई हालै ज्ञापनपत्र बुझाएको छ । नेपाल अलैँची व्यवसायी महासंघका अनुसार नेपाली बजारमा प्रतिकिलो ४ सय रुपैया…

Source: अलैँची निकासीको सम्भावना

कालाबजारियामाथि कारवाही, उपभोक्ताको हित संरक्षण कसरी गर्ने ?

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शंकरमान सिंह कोरोना भाइरस (कोभिड–१९) को संक्रमण फैलिँदै गएपछि गत साउन ३ गतेदेखि सरकारले पुनः दोस्रोपटक उपत्यकामा निषेधाज्ञा जारी गरेको छ । निषेधाज्ञा सुरु भएसँगै बजारमा दैनिक उपभोग्य वस्तुको मूल्य …

Source: कालाबजारियामाथि कारवाही, उपभोक्ताको हित संरक्षण कसरी गर्ने ?